Build QSAR model with pytorch and rdkit #RDKit

There are many frameworks in python deeplearning. For example chainer, Keras, Theano, Tensorflow and pytorch.
I have tried Keras, Chainer and Tensorflow for QSAR modeling. And I tried to build QSAR model by using pytorch and RDKit.
You know, pytorch has Dynamic Neural Networks “Define-by-Run” like chainer.
I used solubility data that is provided from rdkit and I used the dataset before.

Let’s start coding.
At first I imported package that is needed for QSAR and defined some utility functions.

import pprint
import argparse
import torch
import torch.optim as optim
from torch import nn as nn
import torch.nn.functional as F
from torch.autograd import Variable

from rdkit import Chem
from rdkit.Chem import AllChem
from rdkit.Chem import DataStructs
import numpy as np
#from sklearn import preprocessing


def base_parser():
    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser("This is simple test of pytorch")
    parser.add_argument("trainset", help="sdf for train")
    parser.add_argument("testset", help="sdf for test")
    parser.add_argument("--epochs", default=150)
    return parser

parser = base_parser()
args = parser.parse_args()
traindata = [mol for mol in Chem.SDMolSupplier(args.trainset) if mol is not None]
testdata = [mol for mol in Chem.SDMolSupplier(args.testset) if mol is not None]

def molsfeaturizer(mols):
    fps = []
    for mol in mols:
        arr = np.zeros((0,))
        fp = AllChem.GetMorganFingerprintAsBitVect(mol, 2)
        DataStructs.ConvertToNumpyArray(fp, arr)
        fps.append(arr)
    fps = np.array(fps, dtype = np.float)
    return fps

classes = {"(A) low":0, "(B) medium":1, "(C) high":2}
#classes = {"(A) low":0, "(B) medium":1, "(C) high":1}

trainx = molsfeaturizer(traindata)
testx = molsfeaturizer(testdata)
# for pytorch, y must be long type!!
trainy = np.array([classes[mol.GetProp("SOL_classification")] for mol in traindata], dtype=np.int64)
testy = np.array([classes[mol.GetProp("SOL_classification")] for mol in testdata], dtype=np.int64)

torch.from_numpy function can convert numpy array to torch tensor. It is very convenient for us.
And then I defined neural network. I feel this method is very unique because I mostly use Keras for deep learning.
To build the model in pytorch, I need define the each layer and whole structure.

X_train = torch.from_numpy(trainx)
X_test = torch.from_numpy(testx)
Y_train = torch.from_numpy(trainy)
Y_test = torch.from_numpy(testy)
print(X_train.size(),Y_train.size())
print(X_test.size(), Y_train.size())

class QSAR_mlp(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self):
        super(QSAR_mlp, self).__init__()
        self.fc1 = nn.Linear(2048, 524)
        self.fc2 = nn.Linear(524, 10)
        self.fc3 = nn.Linear(10, 10)
        self.fc4 = nn.Linear(10,3)
    def forward(self, x):
        x = x.view(-1, 2048)
        h1 = F.relu(self.fc1(x))
        h2 = F.relu(self.fc2(h1))
        h3 = F.relu(self.fc3(h2))
        output = F.sigmoid(self.fc4(h3))
        return output

After defining the model I tried to lean and prediction.
Following code is training and prediction parts.

model = QSAR_mlp()
print(model)

losses = []
optimizer = optim.Adam( model.parameters(), lr=0.005)
for epoch in range(args.epochs):
    data, target = Variable(X_train).float(), Variable(Y_train).long()
    optimizer.zero_grad()
    y_pred = model(data)
    loss = F.cross_entropy(y_pred, target)
    print("Loss: {}".format(loss.data[0]))
    loss.backward()
    optimizer.step()

pred_y = model(Variable(X_test).float())
predicted = torch.max(pred_y, 1)[1]

for i in range(len(predicted)):
    print("pred:{}, target:{}".format(predicted.data[i], Y_test[i]))

print( "Accuracy: {}".format(sum(p==t for p,t in zip(predicted.data, Y_test))/len(Y_test)))

Check the code.

iwatobipen$ python qsar_pytorch.py solubility.train.sdf solubility.test.sdf 
torch.Size([1025, 2048]) torch.Size([1025])
torch.Size([257, 2048]) torch.Size([1025])
QSAR_mlp(
  (fc1): Linear(in_features=2048, out_features=524)
  (fc2): Linear(in_features=524, out_features=10)
  (fc3): Linear(in_features=10, out_features=10)
  (fc4): Linear(in_features=10, out_features=3)
)
Loss: 1.1143544912338257
-snip-
Loss: 0.6231405735015869
pred:1, target:0
pred:1, target:0
-snip-
pred:0, target:0
Accuracy: 0.642023346303502

Hmm, accuracy is not so high. I believe there is still room for improvement. I am newbie of pytorch. I will try to practice pytorch next year.

This is my last code of this year. I would like to post my blog more in next year.
If readers who find mistake in my code, please let me know.

Have a happy new year !!!!
;-)

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